Choi YJ, Kim DJ, Shin S. - In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), researchers focused on new-onset cancer risk related to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors vs metformin. Overall 1,538 eligible patients (769 in each group) were examined in this propensity score-matched, retrospective cohort analysis undertaken at a tertiary care hospital in Korea. Findings revealed that DPP-4 inhibitor treatment of T2D patients was not associated with an elevated risk of malignant complications vs metformin treatment, regardless of patient sex, age, comorbid conditions, and diabetes severity. Removal of a potential confounding impact because of the between-group disparity in insulin co-therapy by excluding insulin-exposed patients from risk evaluations in the subgroup analyses confirmed comparable findings.