Reynolds AJ, et al. - For a low-income, minority cohort, experts investigated correlations of parent involvement in and expectations for children's education, elementary school quality, and school mobility with lifetime smoking history in adulthood. From the Chicago Longitudinal Study (n=1,142), subjects were surveyed at age 22–24 as part of a 20-year follow-up of a prospective early childhood cohort of economically disadvantaged families. The sample was 74% of the original cohort (n=1,539). Smoking history and current smokers were 47% and 37%, respectively at age 22–24 follow-up. Parent involvement in school was affiliated with lowered odds of smoking history, after controlling for family background and member features. Magnet school attendance (a school quality indicator) had an association with lower odds of current and daily smoking. More common school moves were consistently correlated with elevated odds of smoking. Hence, protective factors within the family and school context were consistently related to smoking measures. Moreover, programs and practices that encourage parent progress and school support might contribute to prevention efforts.