El-Zein M, et al. - For the detection of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), predictive values of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing based on self- and physician-collected samples, and cytology, were compared in the Cervical And Self-Sample In Screening study including women (n=1,217) ages 16–70 years before scheduled colposcopies. Using the validated HerSwab device, self-collected vaginal specimens were obtained. Gynecologists collected cervical specimens. By the Cobas 4800 HPV test, researchers tested specimens for high-risk HPV (hrHPV) presence. For HerSwab and physician samples, 28% and 29.7% were positive predictive values (PPV) for CIN2⁺ of any hrHPV, respectively. They estimated 43.7% and 43.8% to be the corresponding values for HPV16/18. The estimated PPV of cytology (ASC-US+) was 26.6%. In this study, 96.4%, 97.8%, 90.9%, 91%, and 94.7% were estimated to be the corresponding negative predictive values (same order as PPVs). Findings corroborate that HPV self-sampling has comparable performance with a physician-collected sample in identifying cervical lesions.