Rueda-Ochoa OL, et al. - Researchers examined community-dwelling women (n=870) and men (n=630) (age 67±3 years) from the prospective population-based Rotterdam Study, to assess alterations in left ventricular diastolic function (LVDF) parameters as well as their associated risk factors over a duration of 11 years. Findings revealed larger deleterious associations of smoking (among women) and metabolic factors such as diabetes mellitus and body mass index (among men), with longitudinal changes in LVDF parameters. Mainly women showed a favourable association of high-density lipoprotein. New hypothesis for further medical research was generated in this study, including women and men, addressing this topic for the first time.