Abe T, et al. - In this secondary-multicenter prospective cohort study, researchers looked for the link between misdiagnosis of the site of infection at initial examination and in-hospital mortality. The participants were consecutive adult patients with infection from December 2017 to February 2018. They compared in-hospital mortality between those misdiagnosed and those correctly diagnosed. Of 974 patients included, misdiagnosed were 11.6%. An infection at a different site was found in 4.2%, 3.8%, 13.6%, 10.9%, and 58.3% of patients who received a diagnosis of lung, intra-abdominal, urinary, soft tissue, and central nervous system infection at the initial examination, respectively. The occurrence of in-hospital mortality was reported in 15%. A > 10% increase in in-hospital mortality was evident in relation to misdiagnosed site of infection among patients with infection.