Prentice RL, et al. - In this randomized controlled trial—the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification (DM) trial—that was conducted at 40 US centers, researchers investigated the impact of a low-fat dietary pattern on the risk of invasive breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and, secondarily, coronary heart disease (CHD), with various other health outcomes also considered. Participants included 48,835 postmenopausal women (aged 50–79 years) with baseline consumption of ≥ 32% energy from fat. Participants were randomized to either a low-fat dietary pattern intervention group or to a usual-diet comparison group, during 1993–1998. In all, adherence to a low-fat dietary pattern in combination with increased consumption of vegetables, fruits, and grains resulted in benefits related to breast cancer, CHD, and diabetes, without adverse effects, in this population of healthy postmenopausal US women.