Jiahui Si, et al. - In this population-based prospective cohort study involving 475,801 adults (aged 30–79 years), researchers prospectively analyzed the association of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with total and cause-specific mortality. They noted an association of the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with increased mortality from liver cancer, infections, digestive diseases, intracerebral hemorrhage, and ischemic heart diseases. In participants younger than 50 years of age, smokers, physically active, or non-hypertensive participants, the positive connection between HBsAg status and risk of death was stronger. Overall, chronic HBV infection was associated with increased mortality from a range of hepatic and extrahepatic diseases among Chinese adults.