Katanoda K, et al. - In this cross-sectional study involving 17,398 Japanese female nurses of age ≥ 30 years, researchers evaluated the relationship between adult-onset diabetes and life-course bodyweight variations. They identified significant odds ratios (2.32) when "low" birthweight (< 25th percentile) combined with either "low" or "high" body mass index (BMI; ≥ 75th percentile) at age 18 years at both life stages. They recorded the highest odds ratio with the combination of "low" BMI at age 18 years and "high" current BMIs. They noted a significantly higher odds ratio (2.25), even when combined with the "middle" category of current BMI among females without parental diabetes history. Findings suggested a negative direct effect of both birth weight and BMI at age 18 years on adult-onset diabetes.