Mehta NK, et al. - Among children of immigrant mothers to Sweden, researchers assessed mortality in relation to age at immigration and generational status (first or second generation), leveraging variation within sib-ships. From the Swedish population who were followed between 1990 and 2009, they analyzed data for 272,429 individuals (126,701 sib-ships) aged 15+. They calculated population-average and sibling fixed-effect regressions; the latter were estimated controlling for unobserved factors shared by siblings. A 17% higher mortality was reported in the foreign born children of immigrants, compared with the Swedish born children of immigrants. It was strongly evident that a long-term mortality penalty was seen among children of immigrants in relation to being foreign-born vs being born in the host country.