Peddinti G, et al. - During a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), researchers assessed the predictive performance of clinical markers, metabolites, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and plasma glucose (PG) and serum insulin (INS) levels. Findings revealed that the 1-hour PG is a robust predictor for determining the future risk of type 2 diabetes, outperforms the 2-hour PG, and is cheaper to measure than metabolites, either alone or in combination with metabolic markers. Metabolites add to the PG and HbA1c measurement predictive value. It improves its predictive value and clinical usability by shortening the standard 75-g OGTT to 1 hour.

Methods

• In 543 participants in the Botnia Prospective Study, 146 of whom progressed to type 2 diabetes within a 10-year follow-up period, the investigators measured PG and INS levels at 0, 30, 60, and 120 minutes.
• They assessed 1527 predictive models for progression to type 2 diabetes using combinations of variables.

Results

• According to findings, the 1-hour PG outperformed every individual marker except for 30-minute PG or mannose, the predictive performance of which was lower but not significantly worse.
• According to DeLong test P value, HbA1c was inferior to 1-hour PG but not false discovery rate.
• The predictive models were significantly improved by combining the metabolic markers with PG measurements and HbA1c, and mannose was found to be a robust metabolic marker.